Introduction
This project focuses on the design and implementation of a bidirectional electric vehicle (EV) on-board charger (OBC) capable of charging the vehicle battery from the grid and feeding energy back to the grid or load during vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and vehicle-to-home (V2H) operations. The bidirectional capability enhances energy management, supports grid stability, and offers additional functionalities like backup power supply during outages. The charger integrates a full-bridge AC-DC converter and a reversible DC-DC stage for efficient power conversion.
Objectives
- To design a full-featured bidirectional EV on-board charger capable of G2V, V2G, and V2H modes.
- To implement control algorithms for sinusoidal current draw and unity power factor during charging.
- To ensure seamless power flow reversal for grid support and backup power.
- To validate the system via simulation and prototype testing under various operating conditions.
Methodologies
- Circuit design integrating a full-bridge AC-DC bidirectional converter with a DC-DC converter for battery interfacing.
- Control algorithm development for power factor correction, battery charging, and discharging modes.
- Modeling and simulation using MATLAB/Simulink or similar tools.
- Hardware prototype development and experimental performance evaluation.
- Testing under conditions simulating grid power, home load, and battery states.
Expected Outcomes
- A reliable bidirectional EV charger supporting multiple energy flow directions and grid support services.
- Improved power quality with near-unity power factor and reduced harmonics during charging.
- Seamless transition between charging, grid feed-in, and backup power modes.
- Prototype validation demonstrating efficient and stable charger operation.
Applications
- Electric vehicles requiring advanced onboard charging and grid interaction.
- Smart grids leveraging EVs for energy storage and distribution support.
- Backup power systems for residential or commercial applications using EV batteries.
- Renewable energy systems integrated with EV charging infrastructure.
